Scaffolding is essential construction equipment. During bricklaying, concrete pouring, floor plastering, decoration, painting, and structural component installation, it is necessary to erect scaffolding nearby to facilitate construction operations, stacking materials, and short-distance horizontal transportation when necessary. Safety regulations for erection vary depending on the type of scaffolding. Scaffolding can generally be categorized as ground-based, attached lifting scaffolding, cantilever scaffolding, and portal scaffolding.
1. Ground-Based Scaffolding
When constructing the foundation for a ground-based scaffold, the ground must be flat and solid. Water must not accumulate within the construction site. Drainage ditches or other drainage measures must be installed around the scaffolding. Sufficient load-bearing capacity is required, and the support pole pads must meet the load-bearing capacity requirements. The base should ideally be 50-100mm above the natural floor.
2. Attached Lifting Scaffolding
When installing attached lift scaffolding, special attention must be paid to whether the equipment is equipped with four major devices: a fully automatic fall arrest system, an anti-overturning device, and a synchronous control or load control device. Its technical performance must also be determined to meet regulatory requirements. The bottom working surface of the scaffold must be fully covered with scaffolding boards, without any gaps, probe boards, or flying ramps. A horizontal safety net or bamboo plywood should be installed underneath the scaffolding boards. The gap between the scaffolding and the structure should be protected by a removable flap at the bottom of the scaffolding and every two levels above to ensure vertical protection. This effectively prevents small objects such as rebar heads, fasteners, and concrete blocks from falling and causing injury.
3. Cantilever Scaffolding
Cantilever scaffolding primarily utilizes cantilever beams at the edge of a building. These beams transfer all or part of the scaffolding load to the building structure. The scaffolding is securely fastened to the building structure via anchors to meet construction requirements. During construction, I-beams, channel steel, and other structural steel structures with a gauge of 16 or higher are typically used as the foundation. The use of threaded steel is strictly prohibited. When using 16-gauge I-beams, a Ø 25 mm or larger rebar head should be welded 100 mm from the front of the cantilever beam to secure the uprights (to prevent displacement). Welding must be performed with a full weld (spot welding is not permitted) to ensure weld quality. The rebar head should extend 200 mm beyond the I-beam. Furthermore, the I-beam must be fully painted with yellow anti-rust paint.
4. Portal Scaffolding
Portal steel pipe scaffolding must comply with the current industry standard, “Safety Technical Specifications for Portal Steel Pipe Scaffolding in Building Construction” (hereinafter referred to as the “Specifications”) JGJ128. Portal steel pipe scaffolding is primarily composed of welded vertical poles, horizontal poles, and reinforcing rods. The foundation for erecting the poles should meet the project plan requirements and be flat, practical, and equipped with drainage measures. Pads and vertical pole bases are required at the bottom of the scaffold, and the sweeping poles must comply with the specifications. Typically, the angle between the diagonal bracing rods and the ground should be between 45° and 60°, secured to the vertical poles with rotating fasteners. The scissor bracing and cross bracing should also be installed, and the vertical deviation of the portal poles should meet the specifications.
Post time: Sep-28-2025